When a piston is cast, the alloy is heated until it is a liquid, and then it is poured into a mold to create its basic shape. After the alloy cools and solidifies, it is removed from the mold and the rough casting is machined to its final shape. When a stronger piston then casting can provide is desired, then they can be forged. This is when the rough casting is placed in a die set while it is still hot and a hydraulic press is used to place the rough slug under a tremendous amount of pressure. This removes any possible porosity and also pushes the alloy grains together tighter than what can be achieved by simple casting alone, resulting in a much stronger material.

Hypereutectic pistons can be forged, but typically are only cast. This is because cast pistons are considered strong enough for stock applications, and the extra expense is not justified